fix(bridge): 429 Rate Limit 무한 루프 방지 — 지수 백오프 + Collector 폴링 보호 + rate limit 완화

.agents/references/known-issues.md

@@ -405,4 +405,10 @@
 - **해결**: **미해결** — AG가 실제 등록하는 커맨드 목록 조사 후 올바른 커맨드로 교체 필요
 - **주의**: `[2026-03-09] VS Code Accept Commands` 이슈와 같은 근본 원인 (AG 커맨드 미등록)
 
+### [2026-03-12] RemoteTransport 429 무한 루프 — Extension 크래시 + AG 먹통
+- **증상**: Collector→Gateway HTTP 요청 시 `429 Rate limited` 로그가 초당 수십 건 무한 반복. Extension 꺼지고 AG 재시작 시 화면 먹통
+- **원인**: 3가지 복합: (1) `RemoteTransport._arequest()`가 429 수신 시 백오프 없이 즉시 리턴 → 3초 후 다시 전체 재시도, (2) `_poll_responses_loop()`가 모든 forwarded pending에 개별 HTTP 요청 → pending 쌓이면 1초에 10개 초과, (3) Gateway rate limit이 10 req/1초로 너무 공격적
+- **해결**: (1) `bridge.py` — 지수 백오프 추가 (1s→2s→4s…60s) + `Retry-After` 헤더 지원 + `is_rate_limited` 프로퍼티, (2) `gateway.py` — rate limit 10→30으로 완화 + `Retry-After` 헤더 응답, (3) `collector.py` — 모든 루프에서 `is_rate_limited` 체크 + response 폴링에 0.2초 인터-리퀘스트 딜레이
+- **주의**: AG 먹통은 봇 자체가 유발한 문제. Extension이나 AG 내부를 건드린 것이 아님. 봇을 끄고 AG를 재시작하면 정상 복구 가능
+
 

bridge.py

@@ -173,6 +173,12 @@ class RemoteTransport(BridgeTransport):
         self._consecutive_failures = 0
         self._max_failures_before_warning = 3
 
+        # Rate limit backoff
+        self._rate_limited_until = 0.0  # timestamp until which we should not send requests
+        self._backoff_seconds = 0.0  # current backoff duration (exponential)
+        self._BACKOFF_BASE = 1.0
+        self._BACKOFF_MAX = 60.0
+
         # Retry queue: list of (method, path, data) tuples
         self._retry_queue: list[tuple[str, str, dict | None]] = []
         self._retry_queue_max = 100
@@ -194,8 +200,35 @@ class RemoteTransport(BridgeTransport):
         if self._session and not self._session.closed:
             await self._session.close()
 
+    @property
+    def is_rate_limited(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if we are currently in a rate-limit backoff period."""
+        return time.time() < self._rate_limited_until
+
+    def _apply_backoff(self, retry_after: float = 0):
+        """Apply exponential backoff for rate limiting."""
+        if retry_after > 0:
+            self._backoff_seconds = min(retry_after, self._BACKOFF_MAX)
+        else:
+            if self._backoff_seconds == 0:
+                self._backoff_seconds = self._BACKOFF_BASE
+            else:
+                self._backoff_seconds = min(self._backoff_seconds * 2, self._BACKOFF_MAX)
+        self._rate_limited_until = time.time() + self._backoff_seconds
+        logger.warning(f"RemoteTransport: backing off {self._backoff_seconds:.0f}s (until +{self._backoff_seconds:.0f}s)")
+
+    def _reset_backoff(self):
+        """Reset backoff after a successful request."""
+        if self._backoff_seconds > 0:
+            self._backoff_seconds = 0
+            self._rate_limited_until = 0
+
     async def _arequest(self, method: str, path: str, data: dict | None = None) -> dict | None:
         """Async non-blocking HTTP request to Gateway API."""
+        # Skip if in backoff period (except health checks)
+        if self.is_rate_limited and path != "/health":
+            return None
+
         session = await self._get_session()
         url = f"{self.base_url}{path}"
         try:
@@ -207,7 +240,8 @@ class RemoteTransport(BridgeTransport):
                     if resp.status == 401:
                         logger.error("RemoteTransport: 401 Unauthorized — check GATEWAY_API_KEY")
                     elif resp.status == 429:
-                        logger.warning("RemoteTransport: 429 Rate limited")
+                        retry_after = float(resp.headers.get("Retry-After", 0))
+                        self._apply_backoff(retry_after)
                     else:
                         logger.warning(f"RemoteTransport: {method} {path} → {resp.status}")
                     return None
@@ -216,6 +250,7 @@ class RemoteTransport(BridgeTransport):
                     logger.info("RemoteTransport: ✅ Gateway connected")
                 self.connected = True
                 self._consecutive_failures = 0
+                self._reset_backoff()
                 return result
         except Exception as e:
             self._consecutive_failures += 1
@@ -224,6 +259,9 @@ class RemoteTransport(BridgeTransport):
             elif self._consecutive_failures < self._max_failures_before_warning:
                 logger.warning(f"RemoteTransport: {method} {path} → {e}")
             self.connected = False
+            # Apply backoff on connection failures too
+            if self._consecutive_failures >= self._max_failures_before_warning:
+                self._apply_backoff()
             return None
 
     async def _arequest_retry(self, method: str, path: str, data: dict | None = None) -> dict | None:

collector.py

@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@ class CollectorBridge:
         """
         while self._running:
             try:
+                # Skip cycle if rate-limited
+                if self.remote.is_rate_limited:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self._poll_interval)
+                    continue
+
                 current_files = set()
                 for fname in self.local.list_json_files("pending"):
                     rid = fname.replace(".json", "")
@@ -148,12 +153,21 @@ class CollectorBridge:
         """Poll Gateway for responses and write them locally for Extension."""
         while self._running:
             try:
+                # Skip cycle if rate-limited
+                if self.remote.is_rate_limited:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self._poll_interval)
+                    continue
+
                 # Check each forwarded pending for a response
                 for rid in list(self._forwarded_pending):
                     if rid in self._startup_pending:
                         continue  # Don't poll responses for pre-startup files
+                    # Rate-limit guard: stop polling if we got rate-limited mid-cycle
+                    if self.remote.is_rate_limited:
+                        break
                     data = await self.remote.aread_json("response", f"{rid}.json")
                     if data is None or data.get("waiting"):
+                        await asyncio.sleep(0.2)  # Throttle between individual response polls
                         continue
 
                     # Write response locally for Extension to pick up
@@ -175,12 +189,14 @@ class CollectorBridge:
         """Poll Gateway for commands and write them locally for Extension."""
         while self._running:
             try:
-                commands = await self.remote.apoll_commands(self.project_name)
+                # Skip cycle if rate-limited
-                for cmd in commands:
+                if not self.remote.is_rate_limited:
-                    cmd_id = cmd.get("id", str(int(time.time() * 1000)))
+                    commands = await self.remote.apoll_commands(self.project_name)
-                    fname = f"{cmd_id}.json"
+                    for cmd in commands:
-                    self.local.write_json("commands", fname, cmd)
+                        cmd_id = cmd.get("id", str(int(time.time() * 1000)))
-                    logger.info(f"[COLLECTOR] ← Gateway: command {cmd.get('text', '?')[:30]}")
+                        fname = f"{cmd_id}.json"
+                        self.local.write_json("commands", fname, cmd)
+                        logger.info(f"[COLLECTOR] ← Gateway: command {cmd.get('text', '?')[:30]}")
 
             except Exception as e:
                 logger.error(f"[COLLECTOR] poll_commands error: {e}")

docs/devlog/2026-03-11.md

@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@
 | 007 | 19:28~19:35 | Gateway HTTP API + Docker (Dockerfile, docker-compose, Caddyfile) | `6dbbb57` | ✅ |
 | 008 | 19:35~19:50 | Gateway 보안: API Key 인증 미들웨어 + Caddy HTTPS + .env.example | `95da3e9` | ✅ |
 | 009 | 19:50~20:10 | RemoteTransport + CollectorBridge 구현 — Collector↔Gateway HTTP 통신 | `95c2905` | ✅ |
-| 010 | 21:30~23:48 | 아키텍처 감사: aiohttp 전환 + 보안 + 기능 누락 수정 + 나노 검증 | `d7ed454` | 🔧 |
+| 010 | 21:30~23:48 | 아키텍처 감사: aiohttp 전환 + 보안 + 기능 누락 수정 + 나노 검증 | `d7ed454` | ✅ |

docs/devlog/2026-03-12.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# 2026-03-12 Devlog
+
+| # | 시간 | 작업 설명 | 커밋 | 상태 |
+|---|------|----------|------|------|
+| 001 | 00:34~00:47 | 429 Rate Limit 무한 루프 디버깅 — 지수 백오프 + rate limit 완화 + Collector 폴링 보호 | `d9b36cf` | ✅ |

gateway.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Rate limiting
 RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW = 1.0   # seconds
-RATE_LIMIT_MAX = 10       # max requests per window per IP
+RATE_LIMIT_MAX = 30       # max requests per window per IP (Collector needs ~15-20/cycle)
 COMMAND_TTL = 1800        # 30 min — stale commands auto-deleted
 
 
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ class GatewayAPI:
                 return web.json_response(
                     {"error": "Too Many Requests"},
                     status=429,
+                    headers={"Retry-After": str(int(RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW * 2))},
                 )
             window.append(now)
             self._rate_limits[ip] = window