diff --git a/server/cdp-client.js b/server/cdp-client.js
index 0bad1f1..31fcd3d 100644
--- a/server/cdp-client.js
+++ b/server/cdp-client.js
@@ -257,9 +257,11 @@ class CDPClient {
 
                   // leading-relaxed select-text → 마크다운 렌더링 텍스트
                   const mkEl = block.querySelector('.leading-relaxed.select-text');
-                  let htmlContent = mkEl ? mkEl.innerHTML : block.innerHTML;
-                  // HTML에서도 style 태그 제거
-                  htmlContent = htmlContent.replace(/<style[^>]*>[\s\S]*?<\/style>/gi, '');
+                  // HTML에서도 style 태그를 DOM으로 제거
+                  const htmlSrc = mkEl || block;
+                  const htmlClone = htmlSrc.cloneNode(true);
+                  htmlClone.querySelectorAll('style').forEach(s => s.remove());
+                  const htmlContent = htmlClone.innerHTML;
                   
                   messages.push({
                     type: 'text',